Alberta is a global anomaly in that ours is a jurisdiction that has maintained rat-free status for over seven decades. This extraordinary feat is a testament to the province's unwavering commitment to its Rat Control Program (RCP) and serves as an inspiration to policymakers and resource managers worldwide. However, this success is no accident. It is the result of relentless effort, early intervention, and the collective will of Albertans.

The launch of the "Rat on Rats!" campaign is the perfect moment to celebrate Alberta's success, as well as reinforce the need to remain vigilant. It's clear that when we dedicate ourselves to a cause we can achieve remarkable outcomes. And we need to keep it up as resting on our laurels can risk everything we've worked so hard for.

A History of Success: Alberta's Rat Control Program

The roots of Alberta's rat-free status date back to the 1950s, when Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) were making their way across North America and causing widespread devastation. Recognizing the economic, health, and ecological threats posed by rats, Alberta's government established the RCP in 1950—the first of its kind in the world.

The RCP set out to contain and eradicate rats along our border with Saskatchewan. Key elements of the program included:

1. Inspection Zones: A 600-kilometre-long Rat Control Zone was established along the border to act as a buffer.
2. Community Involvement: Local municipalities were empowered to take an active role in rat surveillance and reporting.
3. Education: Public awareness campaigns informed Albertans about the signs of rat infestations and how to report them.
4. Integrated Pest Management: A combination of trapping, poisoning, and exclusion techniques were employed to ensure that rats were detected and eradicated swiftly.

Over the years, this comprehensive strategy has evolved but never faltered. The province has consistently funded the program, recognizing that any lapse could allow rats to gain a foothold. Policymakers have resisted the temptation to cut corners, understanding that prevention of these invasive critters is far more cost-effective than eradication.

Lessons for Policymakers and Resource Managers

The success of the Alberta RCP offers invaluable lessons for policymakers and resource managers alike:

1. Early Response is Critical: Alberta's swift action in the 1950s prevented rats from establishing permanent populations. This principle applies to all invasive species. Delayed action allows invaders to proliferate, making eradication exponentially more difficult and expensive.
2. Consistent Funding Matters: Alberta has never wavered in its financial commitment to the RCP. This stability has been crucial to maintaining vigilance and ensuring that the program's infrastructure remains robust. Cutting funding, even temporarily, could undo decades of progress.
3. Prevention Pays Off: The costs of keeping rats out are a fraction of what it would take to control them if they became established. The same logic applies to other invasive species. For example, preventing zebra mussels from entering Alberta's waterways saves the province millions of dollars annually in potential damage to infrastructure and ecosystems.
4. Collective Action is Key: The RCP's success hinges on the participation of all Albertans. Reporting sightings, practicing good biosecurity, and supporting education efforts are essential to maintaining a rat-free status. This community-driven model should inspire similar initiatives for other invasive species.

A Call to Action: Safeguarding Alberta's Future

While we celebrate Alberta's rat-free status, we must remember that the work is far from over. Invasive species introductions are not a matter of "if" but "when." To ensure Alberta remains rat-free—and to protect against other invasive threats—we need the continued vigilance of every resident.

How You Can Help:

1. Report Rat Sightings: Rat on Rats! If you suspect a rat sighting, email a photo (if possible) of the critter to [email protected] or call 310-FARM. Prompt reporting ensures rapid response and eradication.
2. Support Education and Advocacy: Stay informed about invasive species and share your knowledge with others. Encourage friends, family, and community members to participate in surveillance and reporting efforts.
3. Stay Committed: Urge policymakers to maintain funding and resources for invasive species prevention programs. Let them know that Albertans value the province's unique rat-free status and want to protect it for future generations.

Protecting Alberta's Legacy

Alberta's rat-free status is a shining example of what we can achieve with determination, coordination, and community engagement. The RCP has not only safeguarded the province from the ecological and economic damage caused by rats, but has also proven that proactive, well-funded initiatives work.

However, the greatest failure would be to let this success slip away. The "Rat on Rats!" campaign is a reminder that the fight against invasive species requires constant vigilance. By working together, Albertans can continue to lead the world in invasive species prevention, ensuring that the province's natural beauty and resources remain protected for generations to come.

Let's celebrate this massive success story and commit to keeping it going. Report signs or sightings of rats. Stay informed. Together, we can keep Alberta rat-free for years to come!

Illustration credit (top): D. Horwood.